Eating a low-fat diet with plenty of fruits and vegetables could protect women against breast cancer, according to a new study. Researchers found that women who reduced their consumption of ice cream, cakes and other dairy products were less likely to die from the disease. Women with a poor prognosis also developed fewer tumours after cutting out fat, said the team, hailing from different institutions including the Hope National Medical Center in California and the Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health. With one in eight US women developing breast cancer over the course of her lifetime, the researchers hope the findings can help increase the rates of survival in tandem with medical treatment. For the study, the team looked at almost 49,000 postmenopausal women between the ages of 50 and 79 from the Women’s Health Initiative Dietary Modification trial. The women had no previous breast cancer diagnosis and, based on a food questionnaire, were not consuming more than 32 percent of their daily calories from fat. About 19,500 participants took part in dietary intervention and reduced their fat intake to 20 percent of their daily calories and increased their consumption of fruits, vegetables and grains. In comparison, more than 29,000 women continued eating their normal diets. Over the course of the trial, 1,764 women were diagnosed with breast cancer - 671 in the intervention group and 1,063 in the usual diet group. The team found that there were eight per cent fewer deaths in the intervention group with 68 deaths compared to 120. Fewer women developed tumours, 152 in the intervention group compared to 305, and there were also fewer deaths from cardiovascular disease. When it came to the 10-year survival rate, it was higher for the dietary group, 82 per cent in comparison with 78 percent, respectively. Dr Rowan Chlebowski, a breast oncologist at Hope National Medical Centere in Duarte, California, said that although the difference in rates of death were ‘not statistically significant’, the prognosis rates were. ‘There were fewer poor-prognosis cancers in the dietary group,’ he said. ‘Women who received a diagnosis of breast cancer during the dietary intervention period, those in the dietary group had increased breast cancer overall survival compared with those in the usual-diet comparison group.’ Agencies
