Science fiction has long been more than spaceships and futuristic technology. At its best, the genre explores humanity, morality, time and the unknown through unforgettable stories.
Whether you're a longtime fan or looking to dive into sci-fi, these six films are among the genre's finest.
Interstellar
As Earth becomes increasingly uninhabitable, a former NASA pilot joins a mission through a wormhole in search of a new home for humanity, leaving behind the daughter he hopes to one day reunite with.
Directed by Christopher Nolan, the 2014 epic stars Matthew McConaughey, Anne Hathaway and Jessica Chastain. Physicist Kip Thorne served as an executive producer and scientific consultant, helping ground the film's depiction of black holes and relativity in real science. It won the Academy Award for Best Visual Effects.
Arrival
When mysterious spacecraft appear across the globe, a linguist is recruited to communicate with their extraterrestrial visitors. As she deciphers their language, her understanding of time and memory begins to change in unexpected ways.
Directed by Denis Villeneuve, the 2016 film stars Amy Adams, Jeremy Renner and Forest Whitaker. Based on Ted Chiang's novella Story of Your Life, it received widespread critical acclaim and earned eight Academy Award nominations, winning Best Sound Editing.
The Martian
After being presumed dead during a violent storm on Mars, astronaut Mark Watney must rely on his scientific knowledge and ingenuity to survive while NASA races to bring him home.
Directed by Ridley Scott, the 2015 survival drama stars Matt Damon, Jessica Chastain and Chiwetel Ejiofor. Adapted from Andy Weir's bestselling novel, the film was praised for its realistic approach to space exploration and scientific problem-solving.
Ex Machina
A young programmer is invited to a secluded research facility to evaluate an advanced humanoid robot, only to find himself caught in a psychological battle over artificial intelligence, manipulation and consciousness.
Written and directed by Alex Garland, the 2014 thriller stars Domhnall Gleeson, Alicia Vikander and Oscar Isaac. The film won the Academy Award for Best Visual Effects and has been widely recognised for its thoughtful exploration of AI.
Blade Runner 2049
Thirty years after the events of the original film, a new blade runner uncovers a secret that could reshape the relationship between humans and replicants, leading him on a search for a long-missing former detective.
Directed by Denis Villeneuve, the 2017 sequel stars Ryan Gosling, Harrison Ford and Ana de Armas. The film won two Academy Awards, including Best Cinematography and Best Visual Effects, and is regarded as one of the strongest science-fiction sequels ever made.
Gattaca
In a future where genetic engineering determines social status, a man born without genetic enhancements assumes another person's identity to pursue his dream of travelling into space.
Directed by Andrew Niccol, the 1997 film stars Ethan Hawke, Uma Thurman and Jude Law. Though it was only a modest box office success upon release, Gattaca has become a modern sci-fi classic, frequently praised for its thought-provoking examination of genetics, discrimination and human ambition.